SPECIAL TOPIC: LORD OF HOSTS

This Divine title, "Lord of Hosts" is used several hundred times and is made up of

the covenant name for God, YHWH. See SPECIAL TOPIC: NAMES FOR DEITY, D.
the military term "hosts" (BDB 838, KB 994) can denote
1. angels in general (cf. Ps. 103:21; 148:2; Neh. 9:6)
2. the heavenly army of angels (cf. 1 Sam. 17:45; Isa. 13:4; Dan. 8:10; Luke 2:13)
3. the angelic council (cf. 1 Kgs. 22:19; Ps. 89:8; Dan. 7:10)
4. the people of YHWH (cf. Exod. 12:41, which reflects Exod. 3:8,10 as referring to all Israel, cf. 2 Sam. 7:27)
5. human army (i.e., Gen. 21:22,32; Num. 2:4,6; Jdgs. 8:6; 9:29; 1 Sam. 17:45)
6. the lights in the night sky (i.e., "hosts," Gen. 2:1; Isa. 45:12), thought to be spiritual powers (i.e., Babylonian astral worship, cf. Deut. 4:19; 17:3; 2 Kgs. 17:16; 21:3,5; 23:4-5; 2 Chr. 33:3,5; Jer. 8:2; 19:13)
7. It became a title for YHWH in Amos 4:13; 5:27 (with ARTICLE in Amos 3:13; 6:14; 9:5 and without ARTICLE in Amos 5:14,15,16; 6:8; 1 Kgs. 19:10,14). It denoted YHWH's fighting on Israel's behalf. YHWH is "the Divine Warrior."
8. There is a specialized use in Josh. 5:14-15 which may refer to Michael, the angelic guardian of Israel. This is in some way parallel to the Angel of the Lord as a representation of Deity Himself (possibly pre-incarnate Christ).
In Biblical contexts related to Babylonian astrology, the term "hosts" refers to the lights in the night sky. These were viewed as spiritual beings controlling human destiny (cf. Deut. 4:19; 17:3; 2 Kgs. 23:4-5; Jer. 8:2).
However, it is YHWH who creates these "hosts" (cf. Gen. 1:14-19). They serve Him and praise Him (cf. Ps. 103:21; 148:2). YHWH is King over all creation (i.e., 2 Kings 19; 2 Chr. 22:18; Ps. 29:10; Isaiah 6).

SPECIAL TOPIC: The Angel of the Lord

SPECIAL TOPIC: HEAVENLY COUNCIL OF ANGELS