SPECIAL TOPIC: THE PERSONHOOD OF THE SPIRIT

In the OT "the Spirit of God" (i.e., ruach) was a force which accomplished YHWH's purpose, but there is no hint that it was personal (i.e., OT monotheism). However, in the NT the full personality and personhood of the Spirit is documented:

1. He can be blasphemed (cf. Matt. 12:31; Mark 3:29)

2. He teaches (cf. Luke 12:12; John 14:26)

3. He bears witness (cf. John 15:26)

4. He convicts, guides (cf. John 16:7-15)

5. He is called "who" (i.e., hos, cf. Eph. 1:14)

6. He can be grieved (cf. Eph. 4:30)

7. He can be quenched (cf. 1 Thess. 5:19)

Trinitarian texts (here are three of many) also speak of three persons (see Special Topic: Trinity at isa. 6:8).

1. Matt. 28:19

2. 2 Cor. 13:14

3. 1 Pet. 1:2

The Spirit is linked to human activity.

1. Acts 15:28

2. Rom. 8:26

3. 1 Cor. 12:11

4. Eph. 4:30

At the very beginning of Acts the Spirit's role is emphasized. Pentecost was not the beginning of the work of the Spirit, but a new chapter. Jesus always had the Spirit. His baptism was not the beginning of the work of the Spirit, but a new chapter. Luke prepares the church for a new chapter of effective ministry. Jesus is still the focus, the Spirit is still the effective means and the Father's love, forgiveness, and restoration of all humans made in His image is the goal!